ANTI-CONTINUOUS CONSTRUCTION
In 1939, Frederick Kiesler theorized the concept of "continuous construction," a construction technique that aimed "at the reduction of joints, making for higher resistance, higher rigidity, easier maintenance, and lower costs."1 While Kiesler's goal was for the production of built forms that mimicked nature's own continuity, the result (which was never realized by Kiesler) would produce a continuous division that would intensify the division between the natural and human environments through a technological one.
This distance between nature and humankind has expanded throughout history, especially through the capitalist notions of nature as a resource or romantic attitudes of nature as beauty. This distance existed during Kiesler's time and his ignorance of the processes that would go into potential "continuous constructed" forms is natural. However, mining nature for resources often creates processes that can be called "anti-continuous construction." For instance, smelting, instead of reducing joints, takes a object from its natural landscape and melts and processes it into an infinite number of pieces that are not easily contained and inevitable are released into the continuous natural environment. In fact, most industrial processes employ some type of "anti-continuous construction" where byproducts of the processes are impossible to contain and thus infiltrate the environment in some way.